About This Document

Intended Audience

This guide is intended for database users who want a reference for the Structured Query Language (SQL), which is required to perform database tasks or develop application programs using Tibero ^® (hereafter Tibero).

SQL provided by Tibero supports parts of the SQL-92 and SQL-99 standards, which were coestablished by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC).

Required Knowledge

This guide describes SQL statements needed to manage information in Tibero. The user must have knowledge of the following in order to understand this guide:

Database
RDBMS
SQL

Document Scope

This guide does not contain all the information required to operate Tibero . For information related to installation, configuration, operation and management, refer to each relevant guide.

Note

For more information about Tiberoinstallation and configuration, refer to Tibero Installation Guide.

Document Organization

This guide consists of 9 chapters and 1 appendix.

Descriptions for each are as follows:

Chapter 1: Introduction to SQL

Describes basic concepts of SQL and SQL statements.
Chapter 2: SQL Elements

Describes the data types and schema objects provided byTibero.
Chapter 3: SQL Operations

Describes the SQL operators, general expressions, and conditional expressions provided by Tibero.
Chapter 4: Functions

Describes various built-in functions provided by Tibero.
Chapter 5: SQL Queries

Describes the SQL queries that can be used in Tibero.
Chapter 6: Materialized Views

Describes how to use materialized views provided by Tibero.
Chapter 7: Data Definition Language

Describes the data definition language provided by Tibero.
Chapter 8: Data Manipulation Language

Describes the data manipulation language provided by Tibero.
Chapter 9: Transaction and Session Management Language

Describes the transaction and session management language provided by Tibero.
Appendix A.: Reserved Words

Lists reserved words used in Tibero.

Conventions

Convention	Meaning
<AaBbCc123>	Program source code file name
<Ctrl>+C	Hold down the Ctrl key and press the C key
[Button]	Name of a GUI button or menu
Bold	Emphasis
Italics	Reference to another guide
" " (Double quotation marks)	Reference to a chapter or section in this or another guide
'Input'	User input on the screen
`Hyperlink`	Email account, website, or a reference to other chapters or sections
>	Proceeding order of menu
+----	Files or directories exist in this directory
\|----	Files or directories do not exist in this directory
Note	Reference or caution
[Figure 1.1]	Figure caption
AaBbCc123	Commands, screen output after executing command, or sample code
{ }	Required items
[ ]	Optional items
\|	Selective items

Revision History

Version	Description
v2.1.7.4	“2.8. Hints”: Added the properties of the PQ_DISTRIBUTE hint. “4.2.191. XMLCDATA”: Corrected the typo in the XMLCDATA function. “7.2. ALTER DATABASE”: Added the image and description of alter database recover automatic for standby.
v2.1.7.3	“7.15. ALTER TABLESPACE”: Changed alter_tablespace; correct the alter_ts_datafile_clause image and add its description, add alter_ts_logging_clause. “7.2. ALTER DATABASE”: Corrected the image (flashback_db_clause deleted). “7.18. ALTER USER”: Added the image and description of tsquota_clause. “7.23. CREATE CONTROLFILE”: Corrected the maximum values of MAXARCHIVELOG and MAXLOGHISTORY (2048 -> 64000). “7.24. CREATE DATABASE”: Corrected the maximum values of MAXARCHIVELOG and MAXLOGHISTORY (2048 -> 64000), added supported character sets and delete unsupported character sets.
v2.1.7.2	“2.8. Hints”: Added INDEX_JOIN, SWAP_JOIN_INPUTS, NO_SWAP_JOIN_INPUTS. “4.2.121. REGEXP_INSTR”: Corrected the image. “7.14. ALTER TABLE”: Corrected the image (drop_partition_subpart, modify_table_default_attrs, merge_table_partition). “7.17. ALTER TYPE”: Corrected the image (alter_type).

System Requirements

	Requirements
Platform	HP-UX 11i (IA64)
	Solaris (Solaris 10)
	AIX (PPC 5L/AIX 5.3)
	GNU (X86, 64, IA64)
	Linux kernel 2.6 or later
	Windows (x86) 32-bit/64-bit
Hardware	At least 2.5 GB hard disk space
Hardware	More than 1 GB RAM
Compiler	PSM (C99 support needed)
Compiler	tbESQL/C (C99 support needed)

Related Documents

Document	Description
Tibero Installation Guide	Describes the system requirements and specific methods for installation and uninstallation.
Tibero tbCLI Guide	Describes the tbCLI (Call Level Interface) concepts, components and program structure, as well as data types, functions, and error messages needed to write tbCLI applications.
Tibero Application Developer's Guide	Describes how to develop application programs by using application libraries.
Tibero External Procedure Guide	Describes how to create and use external procedures.
Tibero JDBC Developer's Guide	Describes how to develop application programs by using the JDBC functions provided in Tibero.
Tibero tbESQL/C Guide	Describes how to create various database application programs in the C programming language.
Tibero tbESQL/COBOL Guide	Describes how to create various database application programs in the C programming language.
Tibero tbPSM Guide	Introduces the concepts, syntax, and components of tbPSM (Procedure Storage Module). This guide also describes how to execute the control structure, complex type, sub programs, packages, and SQL statements required for creating a tbPSM program and to handle any errors.
Tibero tbPSM Reference Guide	Introduces the tbPSM package, a storage procedure module. This guide also describes the prototypes, parameters, and examples of each procedure and function included in this package.
Tibero Administrator's Guide	Describes how to manage Tibero in order to guarantee smooth operation. This guide also describes the various functions that support management.
Tibero Utility Guide	Describes how to install, use, and configure the utilities that handle database related operations.
Tibero TAS Guide	Describes how to manage files in Tibero Active Storage (TAS).
Tibero Error Reference Guide	Describes troubleshooting methods for various errors that may occur while using Tibero.
Tibero Reference Guide	Describes the initialization parameters, data dictionary, and static and dynamic views used by Tibero.
Tibero SQL Reference Guide	Describes the SQL statements required for creating application programs or operating a database.
Tibero Spatial Reference Guide	Describes the geometry type and spatial procedures and functions of Tibero and how to use them.
Tibero TEXT Reference Guide	Describes how to create and use the text index provided by Tibero.

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